Battery Applications:
• Stationary: Long Term Standby / Hrs / Telephone
• UPS: Short Term Standby / Minutes / Computers
• Motive Power: Lift Trucks / Vehicles / Deep Discharge
• Fork Lift Trucks / Golf Carts / EV's
• SLI: Starting-Lighting-Ignition
Application Types:
• Float: Standby With Few, Infrequent, Shallow
Discharges
• Cyclic: Repetitive / Routine Operation, Deep
Discharge
• Photovoltaic/Alternative Energy: Repetitive / Routine

Operation, Deep Discharge (Typically)

The Lead-Acid Chemistry

Overall Reaction:
                                        Discharge
PbO2 + Pb + 2H2SO4========2PbSO4 + 2H2O

                                         charge      
Positive Electrode:

PbO2 + H2SO4→ PbSO4 + H2O + O- + 2e-
Pb+4 + 2e-→ Pb+2

Negative Electrode:

Pb + H2SO4 →PbSO4 + H2
Pb0 →Pb+2